Platos Theory of Forms Essay Example for Free

Platos Theory of Forms Essay Explain and define Plato’s theory of Forms with your personal Criticism. Plato was born in Athens on 428 BC. He was a Greek philosopher who laid foundations of western philosophy. He raised basic questions and problems of western thought, goodness and virtue, truth and knowledge, body and soul, ideal political state, and use of Literature and Arts were some of the pre dominant topics of interest to Plato. Plato devoted himself completely to philosophy. He was a student of Socrates. He was a great admirer of Socrates and he initially joined Socrates school of thought to learn philosophy. Later after the death of Socrates, he found an academy where geometry was most prominent in the curriculum along with mathematics and philosophy. He was also influenced from pre-Socratic thinkers like Heraclitus and Parmenides; who rejected physical world and said that inner is more important than believed apparent world. He was also influenced by mathematical concepts derived from Pythagoras. He learned dialectical method of following truth in order to derive a philosophy, ideas and opinions. According to Encyclopedia Britannica literally word Form means, â€Å"The external shape, appearance or configuration of an object in contradistinction to the matter of which it is composed. In Aristotelian Metaphysics, the active, determining principle of a thing as distinguished from matter, the potential principle. † (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2012) In Stanford Encyclopedia it is stated that, Plato’s term ‘eidos’ by which he identified the permanent reality that makes a thing what it is in contrast to the particulars that are finite and subject to change. The Platonic concept of form was itself derived from the Pythagorean theory that intelligible structures and not material elements, gave objects their distinctive characters. Theory of Forms states about what is real and what is not. The real is thought to be perfect whereas things which are not real are changing. Plato advocates that the world of forms is different from world of appearances. World of Forms can only be understood by philosophers and those who seek the truth. The dialogues in this theory portray knowledge as the process of leaving dark caves for going into sunlight. People who live in dark caves find their reality in shadows. These shadows are actually the symbol of the apparent world and it is just a shadow of what is real. Plato says that this world is not real; it is only the ‘world of forms’ which is real and never changes. It can be explained by many examples; for example we all try to seek knowledge but in reality what we learn is an opinion only. Likewise one thing is beautiful for someone but it can be ugly for someone else. People who have an urge to know and understand the true knowledge in the world can only touch the ‘intelligible world’. This world of objects is not independent because it depends on another real world of ‘pure forms or ideas’. Objects in this world have got their qualities from the ideal world. An object is beautiful because it takes that beauty from the ‘higher realm’. This concept of ideal Forms and forms of the world can be explained by geometry. Any square or triangle that we draw or construct is imperfect because it is ‘merely approximate the ideal triangle’. This ideal triangle has no connection with senses or reason because it is not concrete but a concept or an idea in the real world. Plato says that, the world of forms can be characterized as ‘changeless’ , ‘eternal’ and ‘real’ whereas physical world undergoes many changes and decay. The criticism on Plato’s theory of forms is that, he could not be able to draw a logical connection between ‘the realm of forms’ and ‘physical world’. According to Aristotle, this theory does not explain that how permanence and order can be attained in this world and how we can have objective knowledge of this physical world. Plato separated two worlds so distinctly that it failed to explain a former two points. The objectivity and permanence of real world does not explain this physical world hence establishes no strong connection between the two worlds. In my opinion Plato puts an argument that intellectual truth is truer than physical truth. This universe is created by God who is pure and the ultimate reality. He has no physical being but he has created a physical universe. This physical world is a copy of the real universe which only exists in the mind of creator. Similarly all horses are copies of one horse which exists at some higher land of truth. Likewise all beds are only copies of an ideal bed which lies in heaven probably. These examples are given by Plato to prove that world of forms is different from world of reality. It concludes that forms are relative and they are mere imitation of the real. The basic function of theory of forms is unification. It serves to unify ‘groups of objects or concepts’ by connecting them to a pure essence of the real world.

Nuclear Energy :: essays research papers

Nuclear energy by definition is the energy consumed or produced in modifying the composition of the atomic nucleus. Nuclear energy is used for things such as atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs and other nuclear weapons. Nuclear energy can also be used for powering electricity-generating plants all over the world. There are many arguments for and against nuclear power. Nuclear power is an inexpensive clean source of power. Others feel that because of the hazardous radiation emitted during the producing of the power and the radioactivity of the material used that nuclear power is not as good as the alternatives which are fossil fuels and solar power.(Hansen, 1993) If matter changes state or composition, it is accompanied by the production of energy. Processes such as combustion produce energy by rearranging the atoms or molecules of that substance.(Brain, 1998) An example of this is the combustion of methane (natural gas) CH(4) + 2O(2) = CO(2) + 2H(2)O + energy In this example the amount of energy released is eight electron volts or 8 eV. The electron volt unit is the unit used by nuclear physicists. The electron volt represents the gain in kinetic energy when an electron is accelerated through a potential drop of one volt.(Brain, 1998) The most common nuclear reaction is nuclear fission. Nuclear fission is the process in which a heavy nucleus combines with a neutron and separates the heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei.(Roy, 1993) The most typical fission reaction is that of uranium-235 it is as follows: 92 U235 + 1 neutron = 38 Sr96 + 54 XE138 + 2 neutrons + energy Another type of nuclear reaction is nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion occurs when two light elements combine to form a heavier atom.(Grisham, 1993) An example of this is: 1 H(2) + 1 H(3) = 2 He(4) +1 neutron + energy Nuclear Fission Nuclear fission is a complex process, but many products are formed during this process. Not only the two nuclei but also neutrons, beta particles, neutrinos and gamma rays are created during the fission process.(Roy, 1993) There are more than fifty different ways a nucleus may undergo fission. Some of the ways are much more common than others. During the fission process the nucleus breaks into to unequal parts, one lighter fragment and a heavier fragment. These nuclei are formed with excess energy that they do not usually have in their ground state they must lose the extra energy. They release this extra energy in the form of gamma radiation or sometimes neutron emission. The primary fragments are rich in neutrons and are radioactive. Uranium-235 which contains 92 protons and 143 neutrons are more likely to under go fission when bombarded by low-energy neutrons.(Hansen, 1993) Nuclear Fission Used in Bombs The fission process was discovered in the late

In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficient and the Most Merciful

|Ans. 1 |(a) |Quality Control Issues: | | | | |While assigning the audit work to Mr. Manzoor Nazar, the firm ignored the threat which existed due to his earlier | | | | |intention to join WL as an employee. | | | | |Mr. Manzoor also failed to update the firm about this matter, due to which firm could not ascertain the self-interest | | | | |threat to independence and objectivity of the engagement partner. | | | |Engagement partner did not ensure the engagement reviewer had been appointed. As a result, significant matters arising | | | | |during the audit could not be discussed or resolved. | | | | |No consultation was undertaken on impairment loss issue, which was contentious and material. | | | | |It appears that engagement partner resolved the difference of opinion between the team member and the job in charge by | | | | |imposing his decision without satisfying the team member.No avenue was available to the team member to assert his | | | | |opinion. | | | | | | | | | |The followi ng Risk Factors do not seem to have been considered: | | | | |Change in Board of Directors and significant change in Management. | | | | |Valuation of plant and machinery was being done by an employee who may have been an expert but his independence was | | | | |questionable. | | | |Sudden change of assessment in the valuation creates doubts on the reliability of the work done. | | | | |Informing stock exchanges about impairment loss, uncertainty on fair value of plant and machinery, issue of right | | | | |shares at declined market price and acquisition of right shares by directors and their associates point to an apparent | | | | |motive of the Board of directors to accumulate WL’s shares at low price. | | | | | | |` | |Deficiencies in Audit Approach: | | | | |In view of the management’s perceived motive of presenting poor financial position to affect the market price, the | | | | |representation by the management as regards impairment of plant and machinery is not a reliable evidence. | | | |Opinion of the internal expert seems to have been influenced by the directors and the management. Thus, it should not | | | | |have been considered as appropriate evidence. | | | | |Due consideration was not given to the auditor’s previous knowledge and evidences that were already available in | | | | |previous year’s working paper files. | | | |Audit opinion on a significant matter was formed without corroborating other evidences. | | | | | | | | | |Recommendation: | | | | |An independent valuation expert be appointed to form an opinion on valuation of plant and machinery. | | | | | | | | |If independent valuation supports the opinion of the internal expert, | | | | |ascertain whether or not valuation done in previous year was erroneous. | | | |In case of error in previous years, comparative financial statements be amended after completion of valuation exercise. | | | | | | | | | |In case valuation exercise cannot be completed, the aud it report should contain an emphasis of matter paragraph on | | | | |significant uncertainty. | | | | | | | | |If independent valuation does not support the opinion of the internal expert, the auditor should | | | | |Re-assess the risk of fraudulent misstatement by management and those charged with governance. | | | |Consider whether misstatement due to fraud involves higher management and those charged with governance, in which case | | | | |the firm may consider withdrawal from the engagement. | | |Ans. 2 |As soon as we come to know about the above stated facts, we should immediately contact the client and inform them that unless | | | |the auditors have signed their report on the financial statements, such financial statements will remain and be deemed | | | |unaudited. | | | | | | |SECP should be informed about the situation | | | | | | | |Legal opinion should be taken. | | | | | | | |The auditor may take necessary steps to inform the shareholders either immediately or in the AGM about the possible impact on | | | |the financial statements. | | | | | | | | | |Ans. 3 |(i) |Evidence of subsequent recovery of long outstanding debt will be evaluated. | | | | |If the evidence of recovery is sufficient and appropriate, the financial statements will be revised and issued to the | | | | |shareholders along with a fresh auditors’ report. | | | |In case of disagreement with the management on this issue, the auditor will issue a qualified opinion; and will also | | | | |take necessary actions to prevent reliance on the previous report. | | | | |If the evidence is not sufficient or appropriate, the management will be asked to change the director’s report. | | | | | | | | |(ii) |Reason for decline in sales is a matter of opinion and will have no impact on audit. | | | | | | | |(iii) |The figure presented on graph may be due to typographical mistake, correction of which should be communicated to the | | | | |users. In case of disagreement with the ma nagement an emphasis of matter paragraph will have to be included in the | | | | |audit report. However, if the figure is correct on the graph, the error in previous period will have to be rectified | | | | |retrospectively.In case of disagreement opinion will be appropriately qualified. | | | | | | | | |(iv) |The matter of acquisition of a sick unit will be discussed with the management, as it is a material misstatement of | | | | |fact (although not affecting the financial statements).In case of disagreement, auditor will seek legal opinion. | | | | | | | | | | | | |Ans. |The implications of the various issues referred to in the question, on the auditor report, are discussed hereunder: | | | |(i) |Failure to observe stock count: | | | | |Ordinarily the auditor is not required to perform the procedure of observation for obtaining evidence in a review | | | | |engagement. | | | | |Analytical procedure will be sufficient in this case. | | | |There will be no implication on audito r’s review report. | | | | | | | | |(ii) |Exposure to significant exchange rate risk: | | | | |Auditor is not supposed to give any assurance on the adequacy of the management’s risk management activities. | | | |Auditor is responsible to assess whether the derivatives, as discussed, have been accounted for and presented | | | | |according to the requirement of the International Financial Reporting Standards. | | | | |However, if open position casts a significant threat to the viability of the company’s business, the auditor may draw | | | | |the attention of the reader of conclusion report by adding an emphasis of matter paragraph in the report. | | | | | | | | | | | | |(iii) |Sale of one of the company’s set-up to an associated undertaking: | | | | |The information about the sale of the business segment to a related party is necessary for understanding the changes | | | | |in financial position. Therefore, an explanatory note should be included in t he condensed financial statements. | | | |Ordinarily the auditor is not required to corroborate the evidence provided by the management. | | | | |In case management refuses to disclose this information, suitable modification will be considered. | | | | | | | | |(iv) |Discontinuation of the practice of using Age Analysis for bad debts estimation: | | | | |Apparently, bad debt provision is following the historical trend. The auditor is required to persue inquiry and | | | | |analytically review procedures in a review engagement. | | | | | | | | |If the results of such procedures are satisfactory, then no further procedures are required. Accordingly age analysis | | | | |for estimating bad debts is not mandatory in this situation. | | | | | | | | | |There will be no implication on audit report. | | | | | | | | |(v) |Failure to carry out review of subsequent events: | | | | |In a review engagement auditor is not responsible to review subsequent events. | | | |Management is inquired about the procedure it has followed to identify subsequent adjusting event. | | | | | | | | | |There will be no implication on audit report. | | | | | | | | | | |Ans. 5 |Audit procedure to verify Provision for sales return: | | | |Apparently, the provision made by the company has no plausible basis. | | |The actual returns during the year are Rs. 130 million as against the total sales of Rs. 650 million. If the sales and sales | | | |returns are made evenly throughout the year, a plain application of return percentage suggests that the provision should be | | | |nearly Rs. 32. 5 million. | | | |In the above circumstances the auditor should obtain an understanding of the entity’s assumptions on which estimate is based. | | | |If the basis is considered inappropriate, the auditor should make a revised estimate either on his own or by using expert | | | |opinion.The estimate should be based on: | | | |industry practice and trend of sales return; | | | |comparison of industry an d company’s terms of sale; | | | |Trend of sales return in the company i. e. sales return with-in first 15 days; between 16 to 30 days; between 31 – 45 and so on. | | | |Own estimate prepared on the above assumptions will be compared with management’s estimates. If the difference is material, the| | | |management will be asked to explain. | | | |Subsequent sales returns up to the date of authorization will also provide an evidence about the reasonableness or otherwise of| | | |the management’s estimate. | | | | | | | | | | |Ans. 6 |(a) |Verbal confirmation from Local Government as regards the resolution of dispute on capital adequacy and price | | | | |computation of cement, will not be considered as appropriate/sufficient audit evidence. | | | | |Refusal of written confirmation is a scope limitation and unless other appropriate evidence is available the report | | | | |will need to be modified. | | | |Management’s intention to use the auditorâ⠂¬â„¢s report for the purpose of dealing with the local government is beyond the| | | | |scope of the engagement. Therefore, the auditor’s report should specify the agreed intended use thereof. | | | | |Interpretations given in Regulation JKL, 1961 were used to form the opinion on compliance relating to minimum | | | | |inventory level and price computation. Therefore, the Regulation should also be referred to in the report for better | | | | |understanding of the assurance. | | | | |Not renewing performance guarantee is a clear non-compliance which needs to be reported as qualification. | | | |Decision to keep the inventory with distributors could not be considered as a non-compliance because these are | | | | |covered under binding contracts and the purpose of the arrangement is also mentioned in the contract. | | | | | | | | |(b) |We have audited Cement Limited’s compliance with certain covenants of cement supply agreement No. XYZ/2004 dated | | | | |November 03, 20 04 read with Local Regulation JKL 1961, executed between the company and the Local Government. The | | | | |purpose of the report is to fulfill the condition attached to an application to be filed with the Provincial | | | | |Government to obtain a cement supply contract. | | | | | | | | |We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing-800 â€Å"The Independent Auditor’s Report | | | | |on Special Purpose Audit Engagement† applicable to compliance auditing. | | | | | | | | | |The Standard requires that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance as to whether Cement Limited | | | | |has complied with the agreement referred to in preceding paragraph. An audit ncludes examining appropriate evidence | | | | |on a test basis. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion . We report that: | | | | | | | | | |We could not directly confirm, from the Local Government, the status of non-compliance of capita l adequacy and price | | | | |computation of ‘quick-set cement’. | | | | |The company failed to maintain a performance guarantee with a scheduled bank, which is a violation of the agreement. | | | | | | | | |In our opinion, except for the effect on the overall compliance, if any, as might have been determined, had we been | | | | |able to obtain the confirmation from the Local Government in respect of capital adequacy and price computation of | | | | |quick-set cement and the non-compliance stated in paragraph (b) above, as of December 31, 2007, the Company was, in | | | | |all material respects, in compliance with the covenants of price computation, minimum inventory level and other | | | | |matters related to financial reporting of the agreement referred to in the preceding paragraphs. | | | | | | | | |AUDITOR | | | | |Date | | | | |Address | | | | | | | | |C |Views of the management on job time: | | | | |It is true that auditors have already reviewed the subjec t agreement during the audit of the financial statements. | | | |However, the review was different in nature as discussed below: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Materiality was set on the basis of certain values of |Materiality was set on the basis of principles agreed at | | | | |financial statements. |the time of engagement. | | | | | | | | | | |During the audit only those clauses of the agreement would|In the given engagement the auditors were required to | | | | |have been studied which could impact the revenue and |obtain assurance about the management’s claim of | | | | |expenditure and risk of loss. compliance with all the clauses which may or may not have | | | | | |significant financial impact on the company. | | | | | | | | | | |The agreement was among one of the very |Since only this agreement was the subject of the auditor’s| | | | |large number of documents that could have required |report, it required far extensive examination. | | | | |aud itors’ attention.Hence only a general review of the | | | | | |same was required. | | | | | | | | | | | |Due to these differences the nature and extent of examination of agreement was much larger in this engagement than in| | | | |audit. Accordingly, considerable time was required to complete the engagement. | | | | | | | | |(d) |Appointment of Mr.Sharif | | | | |Since Mr. Sharif was also the engagement partner on the audit of Cement Ltd. , his appointment for this assignment may| | | | |result in self review threat. | | | | | | | | | | | | |Ans. 7 |(a) |The matters which should be considered while accepting the assignment and assigning the job to Mr.Umer are as | | | | |follows: | | | | | | | | | |Acceptance of engagement: | | | | |Client acceptance consideration, such as, integrity of management, expertise available in firm etc will be given. | | | | |Whether the assumptions being used are clearly realistic. | | | | |Whether the time limit prescribed by the Board of Directors is sufficient. | | | | |Whether the projected financial statements and auditor’s report will be appropriate for the intended use. | | | | |Although the firm is legally allowed to accept the assignment, adequate safeguards should be considered n view of | | | | |the fact that one of the partners wife had financial interest in the entity and close family relations with the CFO | | | | |of the company. | | | | |There should be an agreement with the management that abridged projections must contain a caution for shareholders | | | | |that for better understanding complete set of prospective financial statements be referred. | | | | |Firm should also consider whether it will be able to carry out the engagement with due professional competence even | | | | |if Mr. Umer is unable to be the engagement partner. | | | | | | | | |Assigning the job to Mr. Umer: | | | | |Since the wife of Mr. Umer has financial interest in the company as a shareholder, Mr. Umer is not | | | | |expected to carry out the assignment with the level of objectivity required for the engagement. Therefore, he should | | | | |not be appointed as engagement partner. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |(b) |We have examined the projection of XYZ Business Segment of Fiber Limited in accordance with the International | | | | |Standard on Assurance Engagements applicable to the examination of prospective financial information. Management is | | | | |responsible for the projections including the assumptions set out in Note X on which it is based. | | | | | | | | |This projection has been prepared for assuring the viability of the segment referred to in preceding paragraph. As | | | | |the segment is in development phase the projection has been prepared using a set of assumptions that include | | | | |hypothetical assumptions about future events and management’s action that are not necessarily expected to occur. | | | | |Consequently, the users are cautioned that the project ion may not be appropriate for purposes other than those | | | | |described above. | | | | | | | | |Based on our examination of the evidence supporting the assumptions, nothing has come to our attention which causes | | | | |us to believe that these assumptions do not provide a reasonable basis for the projection. Further, in our opinion | | | | |the projection is properly prepared on the basis of the assumptions and is presented in accordance with the | | | | |International Financial Reporting Standards. | | | | | | | | |Even if the events anticipated under the hypothetical assumptions described above occur, actual results are still | | | | |likely to be different from the projection since other anticipated events frequently do not occur as expected and the| | | | |variation may be material. | | | | | | | | |(c) |The historical financial statements provide the auditors with | | | | |the knowledge of company’s business and trends and relation that would exist among the elem ents of financial | | | | |statements; and | | | | |a yardstick for considering management’s assumptions. | | | | | | | | |The auditors also uses historical financial statements to assess whether the prospective financial statements have | | | | |been prepared on the basis consistent with them. | | | | | | | | | | | | |Ans. |(i) |Judgmental Sampling | | | | |Advantages | | | | |Disadvantages | | | | | | | | | |As the approach is being used for many years so its well understood and refined by experience. | | | | |The auditor can bring his judgment and experience into play. | | | | |No special knowledge of statistics is required. | | | | |Time saved form non deployment of statistical methods may be spent on carrying out further audit procedures on | | | | |different areas. | | | |Saving of extra resources such as computer soft wares. | | | | |Selecting samples with large amounts facilitates greater coverage. | | | | |It is not based on any scientific technique. | | | | |N o quantitative results are obtained. | | | | |Personal bias in the selection of sample is unavoidable. | | | | |There is no real logic behind the selection of the sample or its size | | | | |The conclusion reached is usually vague. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |(ii) |Statistical Sampling | | | | |Advantages | | | | |Disadvantages | | | | | | | | | |It is based on scientific techniques | | | | |Special software is available to help efficient execution | | | | |The method is impartial and can be defended easily | | | | |It provides precise mathematical statements about probabilities of being correct | | | | |The method is efficient as the same level of confidence can be achieved with a relatively smaller sample.Overlarge | | | | |sample size are not taken | | | | |The system in different audit firms tend to become standardized | | | | |It can be used by staff at all levels | | | | |It lacks flexibility | | | | |Often several a ttributes of transactions or documents are tested at the same time | | | | |Lacks human judgement and more reliance is placed on statistical conclusion | | | | |As the technique is not always understood, false conclusions may also be drawn. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Ans. 9 |(a) |The following issues are significant in respect of the donation of Rs. 15 million: | | | | | | | | | |Donations represent 25% of the total selling and administration expenses. | | | | |Such a huge amount of donation by a company which has already incurred a loss casts serious doubts about the motive | | | | |behind such donation. | | | | | | | | |Audit procedures to address the issue may involve the following: | | | | |Obtain information about the charitable institution i. e. its name, nature, registration and reputation. | | | | |Scrutinize possibility of any relationship between the two organizations, their directors/trustees and their spouses | | | | |and relatives etc. | | | | |Verify mode o f payment i. e. cash, bearer cheque, crossed cheque etc. | | | | |Verify approval and authorization. | | | | |Assess the relevance of the donation to the nature of business of the company. | | | | | | | |(b) |Since appropriate business consideration does not seem to be involved, mere approval by the Board would not confirm | | | | |that the expenditure has been incurred for the purpose of the company’s business. | | | | | | | | | |If the auditor is unable to satisfy himself on the above issue he will have to qualify the report by: | | | | |stating the brief facts of the case. | | | | |using the â€Å"except for† type of qualification, while certifying that the business has been conducted in accordance | | | | |with the objects of the company. | | (THE END)

More Import Permits If Not Enough Chicken Essay

JITRA: The government will issue permits to import chicken only if there is a shortage. Deputy Agriculture and Agro-based Industry Minister Datuk Johari Baharom said this was unnecessary at the moment as there was a sufficient supply. â€Å"There are enough chickens to meet demand for the fasting month and Hari Raya ,† he said after having sahur (predawn meal) with villagers in Kampung Teluk Malek here yesterday. The local chicken farms produce between 1.4 million to 1.5 million birds per day and demand for chicken is less than 1.4 million daily. The government will monitor the supply of chicken to avoid any shortage in the market, especially during the festive season. He said the farm price of RM4.70 per kg imposed since the beginning of the fasting month was reasonable, especially when compared with price in neighboring countries. He added that transportation costs and increase in demand were the contributing factors to price increase. Adapted from New Straits Times, August 16, 2010 a) What is market equilibrium? With the aid of a diagram, explain how it is determined? (4 marks) b) With the aid of a diagram, show the effect of an increase in demand for chicken in the domestic market. (4 marks) c) Explain three (3) factors that may influence the supply of chicken in the domestic  market.  (6 marks) d) What happens to the price of chicken in the domestic market if our government issue more permits to import chicken? Draw a diagram to support your answer. (3 marks) e) Explain any two (2) possible factors that may influence the demand for chicken. (3 marks)  ©

Free Essays on Claras Internal Struggle

Clara’s Internal Struggle The family nurtures our earliest perceptions of the surrounding world. The family is what remembers us and continues our legacy when we pass away. Alex Haley once said, â€Å"In every conceivable manner, the family is a link to our past, a bridge to our future.† What we know of our family heritage helps us fashion our own identity; the descendants we bring up is all that remains of us after. Without knowledge of our family, our own existence alone means comparatively nothing. Most of our societal rules and norms revolve around many of our basic needs. Food, shelter, and sexual drives are a few of the things most of our society revolves around. The world has become far more complex and civilized that bashing the heads of our fellow humans will not be the most appropriate method to satisfy these drives. Many Sociologists believe that our sexual drives come from an instinctive need to pass on our seed to the next generation. How we go about doing this is another issue. Some people blaze a trail in the annals of this world before bidding farewell. They may not leave something behind physically as a son or a daughter to carry on their family name and traditions, but when they leave the world it is a changed place, and it is their legacy that continues on. We remember them for their acts of courage in the face of danger, victory when all odds are against them, and infamy enough to render the whole of history speechless. Most, however, have their children to honor their name after they depart this life. Though a little subtler than the former, it is an effective way human beings have survived, by passing down a piece of themselves to the next generation, through education, customs, food, culture, and genetics. Without family, a being would be neglecting him of something very basic in regards to survival in the grand scheme. Clara Holdfelder had many things that most women her age would envy: ... Free Essays on Clara's Internal Struggle Free Essays on Clara's Internal Struggle Clara’s Internal Struggle The family nurtures our earliest perceptions of the surrounding world. The family is what remembers us and continues our legacy when we pass away. Alex Haley once said, â€Å"In every conceivable manner, the family is a link to our past, a bridge to our future.† What we know of our family heritage helps us fashion our own identity; the descendants we bring up is all that remains of us after. Without knowledge of our family, our own existence alone means comparatively nothing. Most of our societal rules and norms revolve around many of our basic needs. Food, shelter, and sexual drives are a few of the things most of our society revolves around. The world has become far more complex and civilized that bashing the heads of our fellow humans will not be the most appropriate method to satisfy these drives. Many Sociologists believe that our sexual drives come from an instinctive need to pass on our seed to the next generation. How we go about doing this is another issue. Some people blaze a trail in the annals of this world before bidding farewell. They may not leave something behind physically as a son or a daughter to carry on their family name and traditions, but when they leave the world it is a changed place, and it is their legacy that continues on. We remember them for their acts of courage in the face of danger, victory when all odds are against them, and infamy enough to render the whole of history speechless. Most, however, have their children to honor their name after they depart this life. Though a little subtler than the former, it is an effective way human beings have survived, by passing down a piece of themselves to the next generation, through education, customs, food, culture, and genetics. Without family, a being would be neglecting him of something very basic in regards to survival in the grand scheme. Clara Holdfelder had many things that most women her age would envy: ...

Reporting results Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Reporting results - Essay Example Even though in 2012, Meals for the Homeless made a significant growth in total revenue, the amount could even be higher if the revenue from telephone solicitation was higher. One of the possible explanations for the decreased revenue through telephone solicitation is that lenders were more interested in viewing the balance sheet before giving their donations. Based on the fact that financial reports are used by various users including banks, lenders and auditors among others, Meals for the Homeless should show their financial reports to the lenders as a way of proving their financial stability and accountability (Finkler, 2010). Another possible reason is that Meals for the Homeless was not targeting large donors and organisations in 2012. As a result, the revenue generated from the less financially stable donors was less in 2012. The key question is: why did the revenue from telephone solicitation decreased while Meals for the Homeless management received more funds from mail solicitation? In the same way, was the decrease caused by the poor relation between the Meals for the Homeless management and the public or poor financial management and lack of

Leadership in context 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership in context 1 - Essay Example Many incidents occur in management because of the misconception which arises between leaders in the organization where by they should understand that management is doing things right while leadership is dong the right things. Leadership is very interesting because it does not only have a concern with the management task, but it also explores sociological nature of mankind. Critical Analysis According to Burnes (2009) critical analysis of communication approaches applied in organizational change affects the implementation of organizational in the modern society. This is because the approach involved in change evaluates results to less attention. Change in leadership has always been a characteristic in organizational life though many of the people urge that frequency and magnitude are greater than ever before. Today businesses face an increased challenge of funds in competition in the markets for their inputs. According to Lewis (2011) organization must take in to consideration the dri ving forces and restraining forces for change whereby the driving forces must exceed the restraining forces. Regardless of the challenges and dynamics, the business environment organization must adopt their ethical behaviors and practices in real life time and external conditions. Basing argument with Conant and Ashby philosophy in implementation theory outlines that the research agenda in organizational changes towards contingency includes observing an organizational change initiative by using a different process of models. Again it focuses on identifying and diagnosing how and when to respond to break down changes in an organization. Therefore, ones model to fit in an organization results to strategic questioning in the research agenda by comparing the advantages of organizational model fitness (Wagner 2012). According to Burnes (2004), change has always been a characteristic of organizational life, although many argue that frequency and magnitude of change is now greater than eve r before. The implication of this statement with respect to contemporary understanding of the change process is that, management makes the system of the people and technology flow in a systematic way in day to day life thus making the organization technology to run effectively and efficiently. Basically, according to today’s life, change in leadership is much more in relation to putting more effort in order to change the whole process of management in the organization thus making it move faster and more efficiently (Burnes 2009). Change leadership is more about the people, and their decision making plans according to vision and mission in their project activities. Change in leadership has potential of controlling things in an organization; for example, in today’s world, the talks are always on the side of change in management hence the world does not do much about change in leadership since it is associated with the ways on how to make things move in an orderly manner. It maybe hindered by some the challenges, but the fact is that there is nobody who is perfect in doing the right thing, so it is obviously a big deal in most of the organizations. The goal is often set to minimize the distractions and the impact of change which concerns’ with the driving forces and visions in the organization. Models of Planned Change The models have been highly